DCP MAN outlines Force's developments

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Established 165 years ago in 1844, the Hong Kong Police Force is one of the oldest law enforcement agencies in the world. Speaking of its developments over the years, Deputy Commissioner (Management) Tsang Wai-hung pointed out that this 27,000-strong team started as a colonial Police Force in the first phase; embarked on a modernisation programme in the second phase in the 1970s, and started developing into a service-oriented Police Force at the beginning of 1990s.

Introduction of Performance Pledges

Early in the 1990s, the Force embarked on the road to service-oriented policing. Explaining why the Force had to do so, Mr Tsang said: "By the 1990s, 'Public Sector Reforms' had been introduced in Hong Kong for cultivating a service culture. The Force not only immediately accepted this change, but also took one step further. Our promotion of service culture, introduction of the Performance Pledges and the Victim's Charter were early stage jobs."

Besides the Performance Pledges and the Charter, the Service Quality Wing was established as another major step forward. He added: "This was very important because having a department specifically tasked with promotion of service quality will raise service standards across the board and promote service culture more effectively."

Introduction of Force Values and Healthy Lifestyle

The year 1996 saw the Force taking two very important decisions, which had a far-reaching impact on existing Police work. Mr Tsang pointed out: "The first was introduction of Force Values so that we have more precise goals and missions to cultivate our organisation culture; the second was healthy lifestyle promotion in the hope Force members would stay physically and mentally fit and financially prudent."

Mr Tsang pointed out that development of Force Values was gathering momentum, and that after the whole set of Force Values was established, every Force member has to attend the bi-annual "Living-the-Values" Workshop. He added: "For Force Values we had fine tuned where necessary. Up to now, we've run six rounds of the workshop. This workshop is a must for all Force members, including civilian and auxiliary officers, because it's an important part of our organisation culture. We're preparing the seventh round because enhancement of values is very important for a service-oriented Police Force."

On promotion of healthy lifestyle, Mr Tsang said good examples were promotion of "One Officer One Sport", seminars on psychological competency, and financial management, as well as activities organised by Police arts and sports clubs.

HK a Safe City

The population-police ratio in Hong Kong is 390-1, a median figure compared with other cities and regions. "As Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region and a metropolis, we've to shoulder the responsibility of ensuring comprehensive security, including performing the roles similar to those of coast guards and national services, combatting transnational crimes and forging international co-operation. Therefore resources are always very tight," Mr Tsang noted.

Speaking of law and order in Hong Kong, Mr Tsang said in the 1980s and 1990s the crime rates were between 1,500 and 1,600 cases per 100,000 persons, but now the rate has dropped to about 1,160 cases per 100,000 persons.

Mr Tsang pointed out that in the 1980s and 1990s, there were on average 3,000 to 4,000 complaints against the Police each year, but the latest figure is less than 3,000 per year, the result of improvement to services and officers' personal efforts.

Said Mr Tsang: "The figures concerning corruption in the 1980s and 1990s averaged between 400 and 600 reports per year, but the figure had decreased over the past 10 years. In recent years, it has dropped to below 300 reports per year, underlining our determination to become a team with professionalism and integrity."

Emphasis on Service Quality

Mr Tsang went on to say that the Force had preserved the "Watch and Ward" System to protect the community with a 24-hour patrol system. "We've also added the new elements of service quality, community involvement, and fast response, making our work quite unique," he noted.

He stressed the Force had embedded service quality in its culture, and obtained ISO recognition in various areas, including training, Key Point Search, internal communications support, internal auditing and promotion of Force Values.

Due to the risk of Police work, Mr Tsang continued, the Force always attached importance to management of Occupational Safety and Health, and had obtained recognition from related organisations. Furthermore, the Force had also obtained the Total Caring Award for its commitments to staff and society.

Diversification of Police Work

Service-oriented Police work is more challenging, and officers often have to strike a balance whilst carrying out their duties. Citing an example, Mr Tsang said: "For youth drug abuse, what have to be done from a law enforcement angle are making arrest and bringing the case to the Juvenile Court. But now we've to look after rehabilitation and counselling, and when the youngster involved is put under the Superintendent's Discretion Scheme, follow-up action has to be taken or referrals have to be made. These are the characteristics of service-oriented policing. Another good example is that in handling a public gathering and procession, we maintain close liaison with the organiser in the run-up to and during the event in a bid to ensure safety and order."

Secondary Duty

Mr Tsang pointed out that policing of major events, such as the Olympics Equestrian Event, depended on the training on multiple skills for officers and arranging them to take up other specific duties on a voluntary basis, besides their normal duties.

For example, officers had received professional training for handling explosives and searching key points as secondary duties.

"There are more than 10 secondary duty jobs within the Force, and there are over 1,000 officers doing these jobs. They possess expertise of different fields and are ready to respond to urgent calls. Our establishment does not allow us to create additional posts to maintain so much manpower. Therefore, these officers are deployed only when it is necessary, for example for the Olympics Equestrian Event," said Mr Tsang.

Mr Tsang pointed out that despite the tight manpower resources brought about by the Government's Efficiency Savings Programme and measures to save resources, both major and minor activities were handled satisfactorily, and officers had carried out their secondary duties effectively.

Technology Indispensable

Mr Tsang sees technology as indispensable for enhancing officers' professional abilities. He pointed out that the Third General Command and Control Communications System (CC3) rolled out earlier was a vast improvement over the old system in terms of communications volume, frequency allocation and enhanced security. The mobilisation of over 9,000 officers for the Hong Kong Ministerial Conference had put the new communications system to the test.

"The Versatile Maritime Policing Response Project is well underway, and it will re-position the Marine Region's old defence concept. Through coastal monitoring and fast deployment, the project will meet Marine Region's operational needs and beef up its capability to make a fast response," he noted.

Mr Tsang disclosed that the Force's newly developed staff management system also had to carry out "secondary duty". General staff management systems are static, and the Force had obtained funds to develop the "PICS II", which would provide appropriate manpower resources for major operations, thus boosting the Force's mobilisation ability for such operations.

Staff and Public Opinion Surveys

The Force conducts a staff opinion survey every three years, and Mr Tsang disclosed that the survey findings showed the majority of staff members accept the existing service culture.

Besides the staff survey, Mr Tsang continued, the findings of the Public Satisfaction Survey conducted by the Force showed that the public endorsed the Force's service models. In addition, the Hong Kong University conducts a similar survey every quarter. "These three types of surveys are very helpful for our management work, and make us understand what our colleagues and the public are concerned about. For example, after the 2007 staff opinion survey we came to know the staff's concerns, took follow-up action and examined the findings of the previous survey to see whether improvements had been made," he said.

Internal Communication

Mr Tsang pointed out that as there are within the Force no less than 13 staff grades with complicated job natures, dissemination of information would take a long time, and the Force well recognises the importance of good internal communication. Internal communication now has been achieved through "three routes". The first "route" is a formal communication mechanism, under which there are formal and regular arrangements for all grades, such as the Junior Consultative Committee, Senior Consultative Committee and Police Force Council.

In addition, the Staff Relations Unit maintains close liaison and discusses important matters with staff associations.

The second "route" is an informal communication mechanism, with the Commissioner or his Senior Directorate Grade officers calling at different units every month, "chatting" with frontline staff. In addition, there are regular meetings with officers at different ranks.

Under the third "route", staff members, besides seeking assistance from unit commanders or Training and Staff Relations Officers, might ask someone they trust within the Force to help report, on a confidential basis, matters they consider unreasonable. Such reports would be handled by Directorate Grade officers and informants would be given support, said Mr Tsang.

Way Forward

Finally, Mr Tsang said in the wake of the rapid changes in society, the work of the Force would become more challenging, demands for the work would be stricter, and officers have to be more professional. The Commissioner's Strategic Action Plan and Strategic Directions would be reviewed to help officers plan for the future. The Force Management and Force members will work and try their best hands in hands for the safety and stability of Hong Kong, in line with the Force's motto, "We Serve with Pride and Care".

Mr Tsang has touched on many aspects of the Force's developments over the years

The "Living-the-Values" Workshop in progress

The Force has received the Caring Organisation Logo for the fourth year running


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