Do you know the function of insulin?
The carbohydrates in the food is absorbed and digested by the body and becomes glucose in the blood, which is called 'blood sugar'. Insulin regulates the metabolic process which converts blood sugar into the energy that we need every day. Hence we function normally and can be full of vigour.

Precipitating factors of Diabetes Mellitus
Genetics - The chances of a person with a family background of Diabetes Mellitus getting the disease will be three to five times higher.

Obesity - If a middle-aged person overeats and lacks exercise, the energy will accumulate inside the body. This person will get fat and be prone to diabetes.

Mental Stress - A person who is under long term mental stress is vulnerable to hormonal imbalance and prone to Diabetes Mellitus.

Pregnancy - When a woman is pregnant, her hormonal secretion will change. It is one of the precipitating factors of diabetes.

Medication - Some medications such as steroids and oral contraceptives can also induce diabetes.

General symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus
Frequent urination with increasing quantity, thirst, fatigue and loss of weight.

Other symptoms: Since the blood sugar level is high, women's genitals are prone to moniliasis, resulting in itchiness; there can be structural changes to retinal circulation, leading to blurred vision; there can be numbness, stinging pain or weakness of the lower limbs; and sufferers can be prone to wound infections with prolonged healing.

How do you prevent Diabetes Mellitus?
Adopt a balanced diet. Eat more fibre-rich food like vegetables, fruit, and grains that are not finely processed, such as whole-wheat bread, coarse rice, etc. Parents should encourage children to cultivate good eating habits. Avoid high-sugar and oily food. Do regular exercise to relieve mental stress. Don't overeat.

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease. Many diabetic patients, especially in the initial stage, may not have obvious symptoms. If you have any doubt, please consult your doctor for a check-up to ensure your health.

If you want to know more about health matters, please call the 24-hour Health Education Hotline 2833-0111.

(Information provided by Central Health Education Unit, Department of Health)





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